{"id":242,"date":"2008-06-20T10:18:15","date_gmt":"2008-06-20T08:18:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/?p=242"},"modified":"2009-08-22T10:22:43","modified_gmt":"2009-08-22T08:22:43","slug":"management-2-0-vers-l%e2%80%99entreprise-collaborative","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/?p=242","title":{"rendered":"Management 2.0 : vers l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122entreprise collaborative"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La semaine derni\u00c3\u00a8re s&rsquo;est tenu un petit d\u00c3\u00a9jeuner autour du management 2.0 et de l&rsquo;entreprise collaborative avec comme intervenant\u00c2\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" hreflang=\"fr\" href=\"http:\/\/www.duperrin.com\/2007\/07\/08\/michel-herve-et-lentreprise-en-reseau\/\">Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9<\/a> auteur du livre\u00c2\u00a0<em style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" hreflang=\"fr\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/pyramide-aux-r%C3%A9seaux-exp%C3%A9rience-participative\/dp\/2746709821\">De la pyramide en r\u00c3\u00a9seau<\/a><\/em> et\u00c2\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" hreflang=\"fr\" href=\"http:\/\/nouvelles-carrieres.fr\/\">Jean Pralong<\/a>. Voici la premi\u00c3\u00a8re partie des deux parties du compte-rendu de leurs interventions.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">M. Herv\u00c3\u00a9 nous propose de comparer 2 modes d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation\u00c2\u00a0: l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation classique dite \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0d\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9gative \u00c2\u00bb, par opposition \u00c3\u00a0 l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation mise en place au sein de son groupe\u00c2\u00a0: l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0int\u00c3\u00a9grative \u00c2\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0d\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9gative \u00c2\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9 propose une description du mod\u00c3\u00a8le traditionnel de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0d\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9gative \u00c2\u00bb, bas\u00c3\u00a9 sur une structure pyramidale. Ce mod\u00c3\u00a8le classique, d\u00c3\u00a9crit par Henry Mintzberg, comprend 5 composantes essentielles\u00c2\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La Direction, charg\u00c3\u00a9e de d\u00c3\u00a9finir la strat\u00c3\u00a9gie et les objectifs et de les imposer de fa\u00c3\u00a7on autoritaire.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La cha\u00c3\u00aene hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchique, charg\u00c3\u00a9e de transmettre et de veiller \u00c3\u00a0 l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122ex\u00c3\u00a9cution de ces objectifs.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La base op\u00c3\u00a9rationnelle, qui ex\u00c3\u00a9cute les d\u00c3\u00a9cisions prises au sommet.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La technostructure, charg\u00c3\u00a9e d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122\u00c3\u00a9laborer et de faire appliquer les normes qui r\u00c3\u00a9gissent l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation ainsi que les proc\u00c3\u00a9dures et processus de travail.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122appareil logistique, qui fournit les moyens de r\u00c3\u00a9aliser les objectifs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" href=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/orga_delegative.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/.orga_delegative_m.jpg\" alt=\"orga_delegative.JPG\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/>Dans les organisations \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0d\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9gatives \u00c2\u00bb, le pouvoir est r\u00c3\u00a9parti parmi les diff\u00c3\u00a9rents acteurs d\u00c3\u00a9crits pr\u00c3\u00a9c\u00c3\u00a9demment de la fa\u00c3\u00a7on suivante\u00c2\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le pouvoir l\u00c3\u00a9gitime est d\u00c3\u00a9tenu par la direction<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le pouvoir de position est d\u00c3\u00a9tenu par la ligne hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchique<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le pouvoir des moyens est d\u00c3\u00a9tenu par l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122appareil logistique<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le pouvoir d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122influence est d\u00c3\u00a9tenu par la technostructure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Ce mod\u00c3\u00a8le a montr\u00c3\u00a9 les limites de son efficacit\u00c3\u00a9 pour les raisons suivantes\u00c2\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La direction est d\u00c3\u00a9connect\u00c3\u00a9e des r\u00c3\u00a9alit\u00c3\u00a9s du terrain.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchie, simple interm\u00c3\u00a9diaire entre la source du pouvoir et les ex\u00c3\u00a9cutants, \u00c3\u00a9prouve une importante frustration qui provoque des rivalit\u00c3\u00a9s entre pairs.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La base op\u00c3\u00a9rationnelle est soumise \u00c3\u00a0 une multitude d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122autorit\u00c3\u00a9s et ne fait qu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122ex\u00c3\u00a9cuter. Cela conduit \u00c3\u00a0 une inhibition totale de sa cr\u00c3\u00a9ativit\u00c3\u00a9 et \u00c3\u00a0 une robotisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0d\u00c3\u00a9responsabilisante \u00c2\u00bb.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La technostructure a besoin de faire reconnaitre son expertise et d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122imposer des normes. Son pouvoir vient de son expertise et non de sa position.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122appareil logistique d\u00c3\u00a9tient le pouvoir des moyens et cherche ainsi \u00c3\u00a0 tout n\u00c3\u00a9gocier tout en mode \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0donnant-donnant\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/><a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" href=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/orga_del_pouvoir.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/.orga_del_pouvoir_m.jpg\" alt=\"orga_del_pouvoir.JPG\" \/><\/a><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" href=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/orga_del_risques.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/.orga_del_risques_m.jpg\" alt=\"orga_del_risques.JPG\" \/><\/a><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Ce mod\u00c3\u00a8le est selon Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9, totalement incompatible avec la culture du Web 2.0. En effet, la vision strat\u00c3\u00a9gique et les objectifs de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation sont d\u00c3\u00a9finis par le sommet et impos\u00c3\u00a9s de fa\u00c3\u00a7on autoritaire. Or cette contrainte contribue \u00c3\u00a0 limiter consid\u00c3\u00a9rablement la prise de risque individuelle et l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122innovation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Parall\u00c3\u00a8lement, la collaboration est g\u00c3\u00a9n\u00c3\u00a9ralement impos\u00c3\u00a9e ainsi que les m\u00c3\u00a9thodes de travail et les moyens logistiques et les rivalit\u00c3\u00a9s engendr\u00c3\u00a9es par le syst\u00c3\u00a8me hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchique cr\u00c3\u00a9ent des conflits et des concurrences. Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9 nous explique qu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122en d\u00c3\u00a9pit de ces constats, le mod\u00c3\u00a8le pyramidal n\u00e2\u20ac\u2122existe pas \u00c3\u00a0 l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122\u00c3\u00a9tat pur. Les acteurs compensent les lacunes du syst\u00c3\u00a8me par des pratiques \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0correctives\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Il \u00c3\u00a9voque le syst\u00c3\u00a8me d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0adhocratie\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00bb : des \u00c3\u00a9quipes ad hoc sont constitu\u00c3\u00a9es, r\u00c3\u00a9unissant les comp\u00c3\u00a9tences n\u00c3\u00a9cessaires \u00c3\u00a0 la r\u00c3\u00a9solution d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122un probl\u00c3\u00a8me donn\u00c3\u00a9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Ce type de comportement tend \u00c3\u00a0 se rapprocher des usages du web 2.0\u00c2\u00a0; n\u00c3\u00a9anmoins, il circonscrit de fait la cr\u00c3\u00a9ativit\u00c3\u00a9 et l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122emp\u00c3\u00aache de s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122\u00c3\u00a9tendre \u00c3\u00a0 l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation dans son ensemble. Le syst\u00c3\u00a8me pyramidal n\u00e2\u20ac\u2122est pas remis en cause\u00c2\u00a0; il tol\u00c3\u00a8re au mieux ces formes marginales de coop\u00c3\u00a9ration, ces derni\u00c3\u00a8res ne perturbant pas r\u00c3\u00a9ellement l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchique ou la d\u00c3\u00a9finition de la strat\u00c3\u00a9gie par le sommet.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">C\u00e2\u20ac\u2122est face \u00c3\u00a0 ce constat que Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9 a mis en place un mod\u00c3\u00a8le d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0int\u00c3\u00a9grative \u00c2\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0int\u00c3\u00a9grative \u00c2\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Par opposition au mod\u00c3\u00a8le de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0d\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9gative \u00c2\u00bb, il s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122agit d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122une structure en r\u00c3\u00a9seau dans laquelle les technologies de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122information et de la communication (TIC) sont un puissant levier.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><em style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Identit\u00c3\u00a9 et communaut\u00c3\u00a9s<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Cette nouvelle forme d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation repose sur les notions d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122identit\u00c3\u00a9 des acteurs et de multi-communaut\u00c3\u00a9s. L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation se construit avec des acteurs individualis\u00c3\u00a9s et non plus sur un mod\u00c3\u00a8le pyramidal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Chaque acteur construit sa singularit\u00c3\u00a9 \u00c3\u00a0 travers son appartenance \u00c3\u00a0 de multiples communaut\u00c3\u00a9s. L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122individu exerce ainsi plusieurs fonctions au sein de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation et apporte au groupe, gr\u00c3\u00a2ce \u00c3\u00a0 ses activit\u00c3\u00a9s ext\u00c3\u00a9rieures, la cr\u00c3\u00a9ativit\u00c3\u00a9 dont l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation a besoin. Or le web 2.0 facilite l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122appartenance \u00c3\u00a0 plusieurs communaut\u00c3\u00a9s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/><a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" href=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/multi_com.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/public\/.multi_com_m.jpg\" alt=\"multi_com.JPG\" \/><\/a><br style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><em style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Pouvoir et r\u00c3\u00b4le de la hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchie<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le pouvoir est d\u00c3\u00a9sormais partag\u00c3\u00a9. Le pouvoir l\u00c3\u00a9gitime qui \u00c3\u00a9tait d\u00c3\u00a9tenu par la Direction n\u00e2\u20ac\u2122est plus l\u00c3\u00a9gitime. Tous les acteurs sont autonomes et partagent la responsabilit\u00c3\u00a9 des projets auxquels ils participent\u00c2\u00a0; ils \u00c3\u00a9chappent \u00c3\u00a0 la pression hi\u00c3\u00a9rarchique. Ainsi, l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122objectif global repr\u00c3\u00a9sente la somme des objectifs individuels au sein d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122un groupe de coop\u00c3\u00a9ration.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Chaque acteur tient compte des strat\u00c3\u00a9gies de ses pairs au niveau d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122un m\u00c3\u00a9tier, d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122un territoire ou de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122entreprise enti\u00c3\u00a8re, pour construire sa propre strat\u00c3\u00a9gie, ce qui est rendu possible gr\u00c3\u00a2ce aux outils 2.0. Le web 2.0 \u00c3\u00a9largit l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122espace et r\u00c3\u00a9duit le temps\u00c2\u00a0: chacun a une vision des actions des autres membres du groupe de coop\u00c3\u00a9ration et dispose d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122indicateurs sur sa propre action temps r\u00c3\u00a9el. Ainsi le sens de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122action est plus \u00c3\u00a9vident pour tous et la strat\u00c3\u00a9gie globale devient plus coh\u00c3\u00a9rente.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Les notions de pouvoir et de responsabilit\u00c3\u00a9 ont ainsi radicalement \u00c3\u00a9volu\u00c3\u00a9. Les \u00c3\u00a9quipes s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122auto-organisent pour atteindre leurs objectifs et s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122auto-r\u00c3\u00a9gulent.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le r\u00c3\u00b4le du manager \u00c3\u00a9volue n\u00c3\u00a9cessairement dans ce type d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation. Le manager devient le catalyseur des \u00c3\u00a9ventuels conflits, l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122harmonisateur et l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122animateur d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122une \u00c3\u00a9quipe. Il doit trouver une nouvelle l\u00c3\u00a9gitimit\u00c3\u00a9, une l\u00c3\u00a9gitimit\u00c3\u00a9 du terrain et non plus de position.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122espace est d\u00c3\u00a9sormais ouvert \u00c3\u00a0 la critique\u00c2\u00a0; les tensions doivent pouvoir s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122exprimer pour \u00c3\u00aatre \u00c3\u00a9vacu\u00c3\u00a9es. C\u00e2\u20ac\u2122est en ce sens que le manager doit apprendre \u00c3\u00a0 abandonner son r\u00c3\u00b4le d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisateur pour laisser place \u00c3\u00a0 celui d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122animateur. Il devient le chef d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122orchestre\u00c2\u00a0: sa performance d\u00c3\u00a9pend int\u00c3\u00a9gralement de celle de ses musiciens. Il s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122\u00c3\u00a9value ainsi par rapport au groupe qu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122il dirige.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><em style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La d\u00c3\u00a9cision participative<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le processus de d\u00c3\u00a9cision s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122en trouve in\u00c3\u00a9vitablement impact\u00c3\u00a9\u00c2\u00a0; il devient \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0participatif \u00c2\u00bb. La mise en place d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122un tel processus suppose:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Une d\u00c3\u00a9finition claire du p\u00c3\u00a9rim\u00c3\u00a8tre du groupe (qui sont les participants)<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Une d\u00c3\u00a9finition claire des questions \u00c3\u00a0 traiter et \/ou \u00c3\u00a0 r\u00c3\u00a9soudre<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Une d\u00c3\u00a9finition claire des modalit\u00c3\u00a9s de d\u00c3\u00a9cision<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">L\u00e2\u20ac\u2122\u00c3\u00a9limination des mauvaises solutions<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le choix d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122une solution consensuelle<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Une argumentation soign\u00c3\u00a9e des choix. Cette argumentation est essentielle dans un syst\u00c3\u00a8me participatif dans la mesure o\u00c3\u00b9 il ne repose pas sur une autorit\u00c3\u00a9 l\u00c3\u00a9gitime.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Une auto-\u00c3\u00a9valuation\u00c2\u00a0: l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122individu doit pouvoir s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122auto \u00c3\u00a9valuer, au regard de l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122objectif qu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122il s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122est fix\u00c3\u00a9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Une remise en question des solutions adopt\u00c3\u00a9es afin de les amender si besoin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><em style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Conditions de r\u00c3\u00a9ussite<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La mise en place d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122une organisation int\u00c3\u00a9grative, et d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122un travail collaboratif ne peut r\u00c3\u00a9ussir et fonctionner durablement qu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122\u00c3\u00a0 trois conditions\u00c2\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La confiance en soi. On ne se construit pas seulement \u00c3\u00a0 travers l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122image que nous renvoient les autres, mais en se projetant dans l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122avenir et en mesurant sa capacit\u00c3\u00a9 \u00c3\u00a0 atteindre des objectifs auto-fix\u00c3\u00a9s. Cela implique de pouvoir d\u00c3\u00a9velopper des outils d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122autogestion.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Le respect des autres. Il s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122agit de savoir conserver une part de doute en toutes circonstances (\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122incomp\u00c3\u00a9tent est celui qui ne doute jamais de lui-m\u00c3\u00aame\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00bb selon M. Herv\u00c3\u00a9) et de savoir \u00c3\u00a9couter ceux qui nous entourent.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-top: 1px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 10px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; background-image: url(http:\/\/blog.m2ie.fr\/themes\/blueSilence\/img\/li.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Donner confiance aux autres. Il s\u00e2\u20ac\u2122agit de mettre en place une communication active dans laquelle on d\u00c3\u00a9finit et expose sa singularit\u00c3\u00a9. Les outils de communication actuels d\u00c3\u00a9cuplent les possibilit\u00c3\u00a9s pour mettre en place cette communication et favorisent la cr\u00c3\u00a9ativit\u00c3\u00a9. Ces \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00a0gains de cr\u00c3\u00a9ativit\u00c3\u00a9\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00bb n\u00e2\u20ac\u2122existent pas dans des syst\u00c3\u00a8mes classiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\"><em style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Les risques du mod\u00c3\u00a8le<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">La mise en place de ce type d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation peut conduire \u00c3\u00a0 une perte de comp\u00c3\u00a9titivit\u00c3\u00a9 dans un premier temps.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Par ailleurs, le travail collaboratif et l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122utilisation d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122outils 2.0 exposent davantage l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122organisation \u00c3\u00a0 la critique puisqu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122elle favorise l\u00e2\u20ac\u2122expression d\u00e2\u20ac\u2122une opinion publique. En ce sens, elle peut \u00c3\u00aatre dissuasive. N\u00c3\u00a9anmoins, Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9 souligne que lorsqu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122il y a critique, il y a syst\u00c3\u00a9matiquement une contre-critique qui \u00c3\u00a9merge.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px initial initial;\">Bient\u00c3\u00b4t la deuxi\u00c3\u00a8me partie de ce CR avec l&rsquo;intervention de Jean Pralong<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La semaine derni\u00c3\u00a8re s&rsquo;est tenu un petit d\u00c3\u00a9jeuner autour du management 2.0 et de l&rsquo;entreprise collaborative avec comme intervenant\u00c2\u00a0Michel Herv\u00c3\u00a9 auteur du livre\u00c2\u00a0De la pyramide en r\u00c3\u00a9seau et\u00c2\u00a0Jean Pralong. Voici la premi\u00c3\u00a8re partie des deux parties du compte-rendu de leurs &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/?p=242\">Continuer la lecture <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[16,39,625,621,81,80],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=242"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poncier.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}